Mike se ríe de todos mis chistes.

English Translation

Mike laughs at all my jokes.

Why would it it be “de todo” and not “a todo”?

English ‘at’ and Spanish ‘a’ aren’t even close in meaning, so why would that be?

You have to learn the preposition with the verb, just like in English. ‘De’ fits here, because it indicates origin, source, etc. but that’s only a guideline. For example, ‘llorar’ doesn’t take a ‘de’ phrase.