English Translation
By reading books and discussing concepts, a person can gain wisdom and tolerance of differing ideas.
Very unnatural word-for-word translation.
We never ever say アイディアに耐える – it sounds like “idea-proof” (the same as “waterproof” or “bulletproof”). Someone’s different opinion/idea per se is not an attack that you need to defense against.
Using ～こと (gerund) three times is also unnatural. My alternative translation is:
読書や議論を通じ、良識を得たり、異なる意見を許容できるようになる。（どくしょやぎろんをつうじ、りょうしきをえたり、ことなるいけんをきょようできるようになる）
許容する consists of 許す（ゆるす; to forgive, tolerate or permit) and 容れる（いれる; to accept）. The image of 許容する is to lower your tolerance threshold and allow to enter (into my mind).