English Translation
Have you had a thorough medical checkup within the last year?
Very unnatural translation. We never say 徹底的な健康診断. Also, 健康診断 + してもらう is awkward. My alternative translation is:
昨年内に人間ドックを済ませましたか？（さくねんないににんげんドックをすませましたか）
Medical checkup is basically on a request basis in Japan. An applicant should make an appointment with a hospital. Most of companies require their employees to take a medical checkup – It’s mandatory. So, 健康診断を済ませる is frequently used to say “have done with medical checkup” (the literal translation is “fulfill the duty to complete medical checkup”).
We have two types of medical checkup - 1) general medical checkup with 10 - 15 checkpoints; and 2) thorough medical checkup with 50 - 100 checkpoints. The latter is recommended for over 40, and it is called 人間ドック. The term is widely used in Japan although it sounds very unnatural to English speakers.