Er kann nicht einmal lesen, vom Schreiben ganz zu schweigen.

English Translation

He can’t even read, let alone write.

what’s the literal translation of this? I am struggling to understand it as an idiom.

“schweigen” does not have a direct translation in english. It means “to remain silent”, i.e. “not to speak”.
So a little more literal translation would be:

He can’t even read, not to speak of write. (or writing?)
or maybe:
He can’t even read, not to mention write.

But I guess these don’t sound as natural as “let alone”, because it’s weird to use “speak of” together with a verb?

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